Incidence of Schistosoma Haematobium and Trichomonas Vaginalis Among Occupational Status of Patients Attending Some Selected Hospitals in Gboko, Benue State of Nigeria

Author(s): G. M. Gberikon, C. U. Aguoru, D. Yandev

Investigations were carried out to ascertain the incidence of urinary parasitic infections caused by T.vaginalis and S.haematobium among patients attending selected hospitals in Gboko Local Government area of Benue State, Nigeria. Four major hospitals namely Division hospital, Myom hospital, General hospital and Mkar hospital all in Gboko were assessed. A total number of 400 urine samples (100 from each hospital) were aseptically collected for microscopic preparations and analyses. Data were analysed and presented using both descriptive and inferential statistics. In Division Hospital Gboko, 22% of the patients were infected with T.vaginalis while 9% were infected with S.haematobium. In Myom Hospital Gboko, 9% were infected with T.vaginalis while 12% were infected with S.haematobium. Mkar Hospital Gboko recorded 4% cases of infection with T.vaginalis while 6% were infected with S.haematobium with a case of co-infection. General Hospital Gboko recorded the highest number of infection cases with 26% T.vaginalis , 41% S.haematobium and 9% co-infection . Based on occupational status from combined data, farmers recorded the highest prevalence of 8.5% (T.vaginalis) and 6.25% (S.haematobium), followed by students and entrepreneurs Combined data from the four hospitals using a population size of 400 patients in Gboko Local Government, the total prevalence rate of infection caused by T.vaginalis was 15.25% and S.haematobium 17%, co-infection was prevalent at 2.5%. Statistically, there was no significant levels of associations between urinary tract infections and occupational status of patients with 95% confidence limit. This work has therefore revealed that farmers have high incidence rates of infections caused by T.vaginalis and S.haematobium due to their educational background and exposure. Hence, the need for an enlightenment program for this category of people attending different hospitals in Gboko Local Government area.

T.vaginalis, S.haematobium, occupation, infection

1. Adeyeba, O.A and Ojeaga, S.G. (2002). Urinary schistosomiasis and concomitant urinary tract pathogens among school children in metropolitan Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 5: 103-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajbr.v5i3.53993
2. Chalechale, A and Karimi, I. (2010). The Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among patients presented to hospitals in the Kermanshah district of Iran in 2006 and 2007. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 40(6):971-973
3. Francolugo, V. and Zarzosa, A. (2010). Urinary tract infection from Schistosoma haematobium: a case in Cuernavaca, Morelis, Mexico. Review of Mexican Urology, 70(3):187-192.
4. Harp, D.F. and Chowdhury, I.(2011). Trichomoniasis: Evaluation to Execution. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 157 (1): 3-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.02.024
5. Haytham, M.A., Nawfal,Y.A. and Ghada, A.A. (2005). The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis
6. in association with other microorganism among women with vaginal discharge in Mosul.
7. Annals of the College of Medicine Mosul, 31(1): 37-44.
8. Imarenezor, E.P.K., Nmorsi, O.P.G., Eghafona, N.O., Ohenhen, R.E. and Ekozien, M.I. (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v2i2.647
9. Prevalenve of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Nwana rural community in Akoko Edo Local http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v2i2.647
10. Government Area, Edo State. Nigeria. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2(2): 189-192 http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v2i2.647
11. Jatau, E.D., Olanitola, O.S. and Olayinka, A.T. (2006). Prevalence of Trichomonas infection among women attending antenatal clinics in Zaria, Nigeria. Annals of African medicine, 5(4): 178-181.
12. Johnston, V.J. and Mabey, D.C. (2008). Global Epidemiology and Control of Trichomonas vaginalis. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 21: 56-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e3282f3d999
13. National Mathematical Centre, Kwali, Abuja (2013). Descripitive and Inferential Statistical Data Analysis.International Workshop on Quality Data Management.
14. Soper, D. (2004). Trichomoniasis: Under Control or Under controlled? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 190(1): 281-290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.08.023
15. Uneke, C., Oyibo, P., Ugwuoru.,C.U., Nwanokwai, A., Iloegbunam, R. (2006a). Urinary schistosomiasis among school age children in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The Internet Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 2(1): 11pp.
16. Uneke, C., Ugwuja, E., Isiogu, N., Iloegbunam, R; Elom, M. (2006b). An assessment of urine analysis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Schistosoma haematobium infections in women attending out-patients clinics in Southeastern Nigeria. The Internet Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 2(1). 11pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.5580/12b1
17. World Health Organisation, Geneva.(2015). Schistosomiasis Fact Sheet. Retrieved from www.who.org/infections