Single and Combined Effects of Antibacterial Activities of Fruit and Stem Bark Extracts of Tetrapleura Tetraptera on Streptococcus Mutans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Author(s): G. M. Gberikon, Agbulu C.O, Adeoti I.I.

Single and combined effect of the antibacterial activities of fruit and stembark extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera was carried out against Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samples of T.tetraptera fruits were purchased in Wukari market, Taraba State. Stem bark samples were collected from Vandeikya, Benue State of Nigeria. Phytochemical analyses were carried out on both samples in the laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Agriculture, Makurdi. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, phlobatannins, anthraquinones, glycosides and reducing sugars in varying concentrations in fruit and stem bark samples. Antibacterial activity of extracts of fruit and stembark of Tetrapleura tetraptera singly and combined was studied against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mutans. Results showed that extract of fruit of test plant gave an inhibition zone of 21.00mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 08.33mm against S. mutans . Extract of stem bark gave 12.00mm against S. mutans and no antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Combined extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit and stembark showed antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa giving an inhibition zone of 16.67mm and S. mutans an inhibition zone of 10.33mm. There was significant difference (p˂ 0.025) between the antibacterial effects of extracts of fruit and stem bark of Tetrapleura tetraptera singly and combined as shown in this study. Minimum inhibitory concentration of test organisms subjected to single and combined extracts of fruit and stem bark was 100mg/ml except for P.aeruginosa which showed that concentrations (mg/ml) of stem bark extract used singly was not enough to inhibit its growth, except the combined extract which inhibited its growth at 100mg/ml.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans Tetrapleura tetraptera, Phytochemicals flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, phlobatannins, anthraquinones, glycosides, reducing sugar, antibacterial, ethanolic, combined, single

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