A Reconstitution of the Face of the French Bayard Knight (1473?-1524) Based on DNA Analyses and on Informatics Study of his Official Portrait

A Reconstitution of the Face of the French Bayard Knight (1473?-1524) Based on DNA Analyses and on Informatics Study of his Official Portrait

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Author(s)

Author(s): Gérard Lucotte

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DOI: 10.18483/ijSci.2801 15 30 57-75 Volume 13 - Sep 2024

Abstract

We report here results concerning the reconstitution of the face of Bayard (1473?-1524), a famous French knight. This reconstitution was based on six main characteristics of his cranium : (brachygnathy, elevated height of the mandibular corpus, non protruding and squared osseous chin, lepteny, long nose with a bump, and deviation to the right of the nose point), on results of DNA studies (concerning skin, eyes and hair colours and his susceptibility to baldness), and on informatics treatment of his official (of Gariel) portrait.

Keywords

Bayard Knight, Reconstitution of His Face, Anatomic Characteristics of His Face, DNA Studies, Informatics Treatment of His Portrait, Facegen Programme

References

  1. Jacquart, J. (1987). “Bayard”. Editions Fayard, France.
  2. Lucotte, G. and Jullien, F. (2021). Studies on the presumed cranium of the French knight Bayard (1473?-1524). International Journal of Sciences. 10, 6-11.
  3. Lucotte, G. and Bouin Wilkinson, A. (2017). Y-chromosomal profile and mitochondrial DNA of the Chevalier Bayard (1476?-1524). Open Journal of Genetics, 7, 50-61.
  4. Lucotte, G. and Yuasa, I. (2013). Near fixation of 374L allele frequencies of the skin pigmentation gene SLC45A2 in Africa. Biochemical Genetics, 51, 655-665.
  5. Sturm, R.A., Duffy, D.L., Zhas, Z.Z. Leite, F.P.N., Stark, M.S., Hayward, N.K., Martin, N.G. and Montgomery, G.W. (2008). A simple SNP is evolutionary conserved region within intron 86 of the HERC2 gene determines human blue-brown eye colour. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 82, 424-431.
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  7. Richards, J.B., Yuan, X., Geller, F., Waterworth, D., Bataille, V., Glass, D., Song, K., Waeber, G., Wollenweider, P., Aben, K.K.H., Kienney, L.A., Walters, B., Soranzo, N., Thorsteinsdottir, V., Kong, A., Rafnar, T., Deloukas, P. , Sulem, P., Stephanson, H., Stephanson, K., Spector, T.D. and Mooser, V. (2008). Male-pattern baldness susceptibility locus at 20p11. Nature Genetics, 40(11), 1282-1284.
  8. http://www.facegen.com:demos htm
  9. Baccard, A (2007) “Bayard et ses portraits”, in Bayard, Histoires croisées du Chevalier. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble. (p. 179-192), France.
  10. Expilly, C (1650). “Histoire du chevalier Bayard”. Grenoble, France.

Cite this Article:

International Journal of Sciences is Open Access Journal.
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.
Author(s) retain the copyrights of this article, though, publication rights are with Alkhaer Publications.

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